Key features and shortcomings of Stepping Motor

Stepper motors have numerous advantages:

They ensure univocal conversion of control impulses to displacement and can be employed in open-loop control applications;
Have a wide range of control frequencies;
They provide precision and high resolution for positioning;
Allow for sudden starting, stopping or reversing without losing steps;
Can hold their position;
Are highly compatible with numerical control.
But they also have disadvantages like:

Fixed step value (angular displacement) for a given motor;
Relatively low speed;
Low torque;
Low power efficiency.
The characteristics of a stepper motor such as linear stepping motor or closed loop stepping motor are strongly dependent to load and type of the actuation mechanism it is employed in, so that:

A certain resolution for the complete actuation system is imposed;
Loads, forces or inertia must be reduced at the motor’s shaft;
A certain speed characteristic must be defined for accomplishing movement;
The ratio between loads reflected to the motor’s shaft and the actual torque of the motor must be kept in adequate limits.

Are all closed-loop stepper systems created equal?

How do I get the right control for my application?
Manufacturers apply the term "closed-loop stepper" to a wide array of controls. Here, we'll spell out how the three most common closed-loop stepper control schemes work and highlight their advantages and disadvantages.

Are all closed-loop stepper systems created equal?
No. Some manufacturers give the closed-loop stepper systems similar-sounding descriptions, which confuses the marketplace. As proof of the confusion, it's not uncommon that a designer requests one capability and actually needs another.

What are the most common closed-loop stepper systems?
There are three common types: Closed-loop stepper with step-loss compensation; closed-loop stepper with load position control; and closed-loop stepper servo control. Stepper-drive manufacturers call them all "closed loop" but the three have distinct functionalities.

What are the functionalities of these closed-loop stepper systems?
Closed-loop stepper with step-loss compensation is the most common type of closed-loop stepper control. The analog stepper driver operates as a micro-stepping drive and typically receives pulse and direction commands to move to the desired position. An encoder tracks shaft or load position. If lost steps are detected, a compensation algorithm inserts additional steps so that the motor shaft (or load) arrives at the desired position.

How do I get the right control for my application?
Machine builders must ask: Which control scheme does the application require? It may not be immediately apparent which control scheme the drive uses. Therefore, ask the manufacturer for details and review the documentation to ensure you get the right control scheme.

OYO High Torque Nema 34 Hybrid Stepper Motors TBNS001OP